The song was written in 1847 by Goffredo Mameli, with music by Michele Novaro, during Italy's struggle for unification, and it became known as Il Canto degli Italiani. After the Second World War it was adopted as Italy's national anthem, replacing the previous royal march, and it is now heard at state ceremonies, international sporting fixtures and official events. Its association with Italian identity, football and national pride has kept it familiar worldwide, and creators continue to use the opening bars to signal Italy instantly in videos, memes and celebrations.