Ragtime developed in African American communities in the late 1890s and became America's popular music before jazz, built on syncopated melodies over a steady march-like bass. Composers like Scott Joplin made piano rags famous through sheet music, player piano rolls and later silent film accompaniment. Its bouncy stride piano sound became shorthand in cartoons and films for the early 1900s. Online, the short riff format survives because nine seconds is enough to instantly set a vintage scene without using a full song.