Tom and Jerry is an American animated series created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, first released in 1940. The cat-and-mouse shorts ran in cinemas before becoming a staple of television reruns around the world, where they were dubbed into many languages, including Portuguese. The opening music became instantly recognisable to generations who grew up watching the cartoon chase, and it still circulates online as a shorthand for classic cartoon comedy, retro nostalgia and playful mischief in memes and video intros.