The melody was composed by Alexander Alexandrov and adopted for the Soviet Union’s national anthem in 1944. Following the dissolution of the USSR in 1991, Russia initially used a different anthem. Alexandrov’s melody returned in 2000 as the basis of the current Russian national anthem, accompanied by new lyrics. This shared melody explains why short excerpts are frequently labeled either Soviet or Russian online. Its forceful orchestration and historical associations have kept it familiar in documentaries, political edits, parody videos, and internet memes.