Nick Fury first appeared in Marvel Comics in 1963, created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, before being reimagined for modern readers and film audiences. Samuel L. Jackson's version debuted in the post credits scene of Iron Man in 2008 and became the figure who assembled the Avengers across the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Short clips using his name and image spread on soundboards and in fan edits, where the association with spies, secrets and last minute plans makes even a brief audio cue instantly recognisable to Marvel fans.