Fratelli d'Italia was written in 1847, with lyrics by Goffredo Mameli and music by Michele Novaro, during Italy's struggle for unification. It became the country's national anthem after the Second World War and is now heard before international football matches, Olympic ceremonies, and state occasions. The title means Brothers of Italy, and its opening call to arms has made it a shorthand for Italian identity online, where short clips are shared to celebrate victories, welcome travellers, and mark moments of national pride.