The Last of Us was released by Naughty Dog in 2013 for PlayStation 3, following Joel and Ellie across a post-apocalyptic United States. Argentine composer Gustavo Santaolalla wrote the score, his first for a video game, using ronroco, banjo and detuned guitars recorded with minimal orchestration. The main theme became the franchise signature across the sequel, remasters and the HBO television adaptation that premiered in 2023 and kept Santaolalla's music. Online, fans attach the melody to survival stories, character deaths and quiet endings, where it is recognised from its first few notes.