A Portuguesa was written in 1890, with lyrics by Henrique Lopes de Mendonça and music by Alfredo Keil, and it became the official national anthem of Portugal in 1911 after the founding of the republic. Roberto Leal, a Portuguese singer popular in Brazil and Portugal, recorded a well known vocal version that circulates online. The anthem is performed at official ceremonies and before international football fixtures, so short excerpts spread easily on soundboards as a recognisable shorthand for Portugal, its flag and its national teams.