Seven Nation Army was released in 2003 by American rock duo The White Stripes, written by Jack White around a distinctive guitar riff played through an octave pedal to sound like a bass. Football supporters in Belgium and Italy adopted the riff as a chant in the mid 2000s, and it spread globally during the 2006 World Cup and later tournaments. Its simple, repetitive structure made it ideal for remixes and short edits online, where producers loop the riff for sports, gaming and viral videos.